Jacky NJIKI-BIKOÏ

Tenofovir and Doravirine Are Potential Reverse-Transcriptase Analogs in Combination with the New Reverse-Transcriptase Translocation Inhibitor (Islatravir) Among Treatment-Experienced Patients in Cameroon: Designing Future Treatment Strategies for Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Alex Durand Nka, Yagaï Bouba, Wilfried Rooker Tsapi Lontsi, Davy-Hyacinte Gouissi Anguechia, Georges Této, Aude Christelle Ka’e et 21 autre(s)

Viruses

Islatravir (ISL) is a novel antiretroviral that inhibits HIV-1 reverse transcriptase translocation. The M184V mutation, known to reduce ISL's viral susceptibility in vitro, could arise from prolonged exposure to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) (3TC). This study evaluated the predictive efficacy of ISL and identified potentially active antiretrovirals in combination among treatment-experienced patients in Cameroon, where NRTIs (3TC) have been the backbone of ART for decades now. Although ISL is a long-acting antiretroviral, it will provide other therapeutic options in combination with other reverse transcriptase inhibitors that remain effective. We analyzed 1170 HIV-1 sequences from patients failing first-, second-, and third-line ART using the CIRCB Antiviral Resistance Evaluation (CIRCB-CARE) database. Drug resistance mutations (DRMs) were interpreted using Stanford HIVdb.v9, and covariation patterns between M184V and major NRTI/NNRTI DRMs were assessed. The study population, with a median age of 40 years, showed a high prevalence of resistance to NRTIs (77.4%) and NNRTIs (49.2%). The most frequent NRTI DRMs were M184V/I (83.3%), M41L (25.0%), and T215FY (36.8%), while common NNRTI DRMs included K103NS (53.3%), Y181CIV (27.7%), and G190ASE (22.2%). In first-line ART failure, M184V significantly covaried with K70R, L74I, and M41L for NRTIs and K103N and G190A for NNRTIs. In second-line failure, the covariation with M184V extended to T215Y, M41L, and D67N for NRTIs and G190A, K103N, and K103S for NNRTIs. No significant covariation with M184V was observed in third-line treatment failures. Based on these covariations and on the effect of these mutations on available anti-HIV drugs, TDF (partial efficacy) and Doravirine (fully active) were identified as potentially suitable candidates in combination with ISL among patients failing the first, second, and third lines, and could serve as a valuable therapeutic option in LMICs facing similar treatment challenges.

• #hiv/aids drug development and treatment
• #hiv research and treatment
• #hiv/aids research and interventions
• #resistance mutation

Evaluation of Non-response to Hepatitis B Vaccines in Individuals Over 15 Years in the Centre Region of Cameroon: A Cross-sectional Study

Justin Olivier Essindi, Jacky Njiki Bikoï, Carole Stéphanie Sake, Donatien Serge Mbaga, Arnaud Franck Elang, Chris André Mbongue Mikangue et 4 autre(s)

Microbiology Research Journal International

Background: To investigate the risks factors associated to the non-response of hepatitis B (HB) immunization in participants over the age of 15 years.
 Methods: From October 2020 to December 2021, data were collected from individuals aged over 15 years who receive at least one dose of vaccine. An algorithm consisted of three (03) tests researching anti-HBs whose detectability threshold was 10 IU/L and anti-HBc.
 Results: A total of 330 participants were included in this study, among which 158 received three doses of vaccine, of these 83.59% and 6,6% were found positive respectively to anti HBs and anti-HBc. We noted that, age [30 – 40] years [OR= 2.41; CI at 95% (1.24 – 4.80)]; single status [OR=10.80; CI at 95% (1.78 – 114.8)], obesity [OR=2.99; CI at 95% (1.13 – 7.27)], alcohol [OR=10.80; CI at 95% (1.78 – 114.8)]; HEPATITIS vaccine [OR=3.40; CI at 95% (1.24 – 9.10)] were associated with non-response to hepatitis B vaccines.
 Conclusion: Non-response to hepatitis B vaccination has been influenced by several risk factors that should be considered during the vaccination process.

• #hepatitis b virus studies
• #hepatitis c virus research
• #vaccine coverage and hesitancy
• #cross-sectional study

HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS’ EXPOSED UNINFECTED NEWBORNS: A VULNERABLE POPULATION WITH SOME DEFECTIVE IMMUNE SYSTEM ELEMENTS AT BIRTH IN YAOUNDE-CAMEROON, CENTRAL AFRICA

S Touangnou Chamda, Jacky Njiki Bikoï, Alexandra Emmanuelle Membangbi, Donatien Serge Mbaga, F ELANG, Sara Essama Riwom et 6 autre(s)

American Journal of Clinical Pathology

Abstract Introduction/Objective The reduction in vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Cameroon, thanks to the success of Option B+ prevention measures, has favored the increase in the rate of HIV exposed uninfected (HEU) infants. The latter, however, present a threefold higher morbidity and mortality than their HIV unexposed and uninfected (HUU) counterparts. With multiple causes, a dysfunction of the immune system would be incriminated but the evidence to demonstrate this and to advocate for a specific follow-up is lacking. This study objective was to determine the effect of in utero exposure to HIV-1 on certain immune elements of HEU newborns. Methods/Case Report A Case-control study was carried out in three reference hospitals in Yaounde. From June 2022 to July 2023, demographical characteristics of 62 HEU newborns of positive parturients with undetectable viral load who gave their consent (cases), and 65 HUU (controls) were taken. Then samples of umbilical cord blood were collected under ethical authorization no. BTC-JIRB2022-021. Then, blood count and differential leukocytes count were performed using DF55 DEMIND and May-Grünwald Giemsa Kit. Excel 2007 and R v4.1.3 softwares were used to record and analyze the data, with significance level for a p-value < 0.05. Results (if a Case Study enter NA) The average APGAR vitality score (appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, respiration) at 1, 5 and 10 min of life was reduced, but not significantly (p = 0.3) in the HEU (8/10, 9/10 and 10/10), compared to the HUU (9/10, and 10/10); as well as head circumference: (33.16 ± 1.64) cm and (34.8 ± 1.52) cm (p = 0.8) respectively. Unlike leukopenia (p=0.24), umbilical monocytosis (p=0.04) and lymphopenia (p=0.001) were significantly linked to HIV exposure in HEU, signs of inflammation from birth. Conclusion HIV exposed uninfected newborns present a drop in immunity and an inflammatory sign at birth, materialised clinically and biologically with a highly significant lymphopenia.

• #immunodeficiency and autoimmune disorders
• #hiv/aids research and interventions
• #immune responses and vaccinations
• #immune system

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus in Pregnant Women and Associated Risk Factors, Monitored at the Yaounde University Teaching Hospital, Cameroon

Maria Eduarda Guizelini André, Carole Goble, Jacky Njiki Bikoï, Sara Honorine Riwom Essama

International Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Science

<i>Background and justification</i>: Infection with the hepatitis B virus is a major public health problem; However, Asia and sub-Saharan Africa are the most affected by it. The status of hepatitis B virus in pregnant women is essential for the effective management of the disease and the prevention of mother to child transmission. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of HBV markers and risk factors associated with infection in pregnant women at the Yaounde University Teaching Hospital (YUTH). <i>Methodology</i>: A prospective, cross multicenter study was conducted from 17 September 2018 to 25 February 2019 in 102 pregnant women aged 15 to 44 years. After obtaining ethical clearance, obstetric and sociodemographic risk factors were collected; samples were also taken and analyzed by the immuno-chromatographic method for the detection of HBsAg, for anti-HBs, HBeAg, anti-HBeAc and the anti-HBc antibodies. Statistical analysis was performed by Microsoft Excel 2016; SPSS Version 22. A P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. <i>Results</i>: Of the 102 pregnant women, 10.78% (11/64) tested positive for HBsAg; 15.68% (16/64) had developed anti-HBs, and 26.47% (27/64) had previous contact with HBV. The highest prevalence of HBsAg was recorded in the age group 25-35 years (11.76%, P = 0.95). Similarly, the single status (P = 0.001) scarification (P = 0.00) and tattooing (P = 0.00008) were significantly associated with HBV infection and previous contact with HBV. Scarification and tattooing were significantly associated with a probable chronic hepatitis profile4 (P = 0.00009) and the inactive carrier HBsAg profile3 (P = 0.0002). <i>Conclusion</i>: The HBV infection is high among pregnant women at the YUTH (10.78%), especially among single pregnant women. Scarification, tattooing and no knowledge of the disease are factors significantly associated with HBV carriages (p <0.05). It is therefore necessary to introduce routine in prenatal assessment of pregnant women routine screening for HBV markers and possibly a vaccination to prevent vertical transmission (mother to child).

• #hepatitis b virus studies
• #liver disease diagnosis and treatment
• #hepatitis c virus research
• #seroprevalence

PA-460 Impact of Covid-19 pandemic on the prevalence of surface contaminants associated with healthcare waste management in a hospital in Yaounde, Cameroon

Audrey Marcelle Onanena Bofia Dipita, Marie Catherine Onanena, Melissa Ngouega Djiboueng, Esther Del Florence Moni Ndedi, Dimitri Ngongang Tchami, Jacky Njiki Bikoï et 1 autre(s)

<h3>Background</h3> An estimated 40% of Nosocomial infections have been attributed to cross-infection via the healthcare personnels’ hands, which could result either directly and/or indirectly from touching contaminated surfaces and patient contact. The COVID-19 pandemic has been a stark reminder of the importance of basic infection prevention measures (hand washing, disinfection/decontamination, Personal Protective Equipment use) when providing patient care. Hence, illustrates the importance of establishing the prevalence of nosocomial contaminants found on fomites from March to August 2020 at the Biology, Emergency Departments and Disposal site of a hospital in Yaounde. <h3>Methods</h3> In a cross-sectional study, 736 swabs were collected from trash bins (infectious and non-infectious) and surfaces (tables, sinks, chairs, countertops, desks, patient beds and bed stands) of all aforementioned sites. Inoculated on Mueller-Hinton agar, contaminants were isolated and, identified using Gram staining, classical biochemical tests (oxidase, catalase, coagulase, germ tube and Kligler Iron Agar) and grown on specific media (Hektoen Enteric Agar, Mannitol Salt Agar and Potatoes Dextrose Agar). <h3>Results</h3> There was a high prevalence of surface contaminants (78.9%) especially for non-infectious bins (90.3%). Their mean frequencies were significant for sampled surfaces of the Biology Department, and only sampled beds of the Emergency ward indicating their equal potential to cause infections. In addition, highly touched surfaces were prone to S. aureus contamination (22.4%), a constituent of the human hand microbiota which suggests that the staff’ hands could be the main vector of surface contamination in analysed units. In May, contaminants’ frequencies dropped (24.9%) due to increase in the awareness of basic infection control measures amongst staff, staff rotations, changes in work hour schedules and hospitalisation beds’ availability. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The concept of environmental bacterial reservoir is a reality. Improvement strategies include interventions to reduce/contain the shedding of pathogens and, improving the efficacy of cleaning/disinfection of hospital surfaces and hand hygiene.

• #healthcare and environmental waste management
• #pandemic
• #coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19)
• #health care

BACTERIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DIABETIC FOOT INFECTION AND SUSCEPTIBILITY OF MULTIRESISTANT ISOLATES TO HYDRAULIC EXTRACTS FROM ALLIUM SATIVA, ALLIUM CEPA AND CANNABIS SATIVA

Jacky Njiki Bikoï, Esther Del Florence Moni Ndedi, Mesmin Dehayem, Sharonne Ladiff Koko-Ta, Elsa Nguiffo Makue, Alexandra Emmanuelle Membangbi et 8 autre(s)

Universal Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Background and objective : Diabetic foot infection is one of the most serious complications of diabetes and its persistence is the result of the ineffectiveness of antibiotic therapy due to the exponentially increasing of antibiotic resistant bacteria. The study aimed at investigating the antibacterial effect of the aqueous extract of some plants on the antibiotic resistant bacteria isolated from diabetic foot wound infections. Methods : A 6-months cross-sectional study from July 2021 to January 2022 at the Yaoundé Central Hospital, was undertaken with diabetic foot wound patients. All samples were appraised to determine presence of infectious agents using standard methods for isolation and identification of bacteria. Subsequently, Antibiotic resistance was done using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion methods. Finally, extracts of Cannabis sativa leaves, Allium cepa and Allium sativum bulbs were obtained with water and their antibacterial activities were evaluated by the microdillution method on liquid medium. Results : 20 patients whom 14 men were included, with a sex ratio of 2.33, and their mean age was 52.5±9.6 years. 60% of these patients presented wounds in grade III and were of several types : purulent (48.57%), moist (31.43%) and dry (20%). 35 strains were isolated. The predominant GPB were S. aureus (34.29%) followed by Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (14.29%), and Bacillus Spp (2.86%). Among the GNB, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11.46%), Serratia Spp. (8.56%), Escherichia coli (8.56%), Enterobacter Spp. (5.71%), Proteus Spp. (5.71%), Klebsiella Spp., Yersinia Spp. and Salmonella Spp. in proportions of 2.86% each. A high rate of antibiotic resistance was recorded for Oxacillin (100%), Vancomycin (83.34%) and Augmentin (55.56%). Sensitivity tests on liquid medium showed that MIC ranged between 3.12-25.00 mg/mL, 6.25-25.00 mg/mL and 1.86-25.00 mg/mL respectivelly for A. sativa, A. cepa and C. sativa. Alliums were much more active on GNB. Although these results are low, they could be an alternative for the diabetic foot infection treatment. Conclusion : Alliums were much more active on GNB Although these results are low, they could be an alternative for the diabetic foot infection treatment. Peer Review History: Received: 28 February 2022; Revised: 15 April; Accepted: 24 April, Available online: 15 May 2022 Academic Editor: Dr. Sally A. El-Zahaby, Pharos University in Alexandria, Egypt, sally.elzahaby@yahoo.com UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file: Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.5/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10 Reviewers: Dr. Sangeetha Arullappan, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Malaysia, sangeetha@utar.edu.my Prof. Dr. Ali Gamal Ahmed Al-kaf, Sana'a university, Yemen, alialkaf21@gmail.com Similar Articles: THE SCOPING REVIEW OF CHINESE AND WESTERN MEDICINE TREATMENT OF DIABETIC FOOT IN ASIA A SURVEY ABOUT THE CURRENT SCENARIO OF DIABETES IN CHATTOGRAM AREA BY DETERMINING PRACTICE OF THE SELF-CARE ACTIVITIES AMONGST PEOPLE WITH DIABETES

• #essential oils and antimicrobial activity
• #mangiferin and mango extracts
• #diabetic foot ulcer assessment and management
• #enterobacter

Global prevalence of occult hepatitis C virus: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Donatien Serge Mbaga, Sébastien Kenmoe, Jacky Njiki Bikoï, Guy Roussel Takuissu, Marie Amougou‐Atsama, Etienne Atenguena Okobalemba et 22 autre(s)

World Journal of Methodology

BACKGROUND: Occult hepatitis C infection (OCI) is characterized by the presence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA in the liver, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and/or ultracentrifuged serum in the absence of detectable HCV-RNA in serum. OCI has been described in several categories of populations including hemodialysis patients, patients with a sustained virological response, immunocompromised individuals, patients with abnormal hepatic function, and apparently healthy subjects. AIM: To highlight the global prevalence of OCI. METHODS: test statistics were used to assess heterogeneity between studies. Funnel plot and Egger test were used to examine publication bias. R software version 4.1.0 was used for all analyses. RESULTS: = 93.0% (90.8%-94.7%)]. Higher seronegative OCI prevalence was found in Southern Europe and Northern Africa, and in patients with abnormal liver function, hematological disorders, and kidney diseases. Higher seropositive OCI prevalence was found in Southern Europe, Northern America, and Northern Africa. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, in the present study, it appears that the burden of OCI is high and variable across the different regions and population categories. Further studies on OCI are needed to assess the transmissibility, clinical significance, long-term outcome, and need for treatment.

• #hepatitis c virus research
• #hepatitis b virus studies
• #liver diseases and immunity
• #medicine

Hepatitis B, C and D virus infections and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in Africa: A meta-analysis including sensitivity analyses for studies comparable for confounders

Donatien Serge Mbaga, Sébastien Kenmoe, Cyprien Kengne-Ndé, Jean Thierry Ebogo‐Belobo, Gadji Mahamat, Joseph Rodrigue Foe-Essomba et 25 autre(s)

PLoS ONE

INTRODUCTION: Africa denotes unique facies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) characterized by a conjunction of low sensitization, restricted access to diagnosis and treatment and associated with the highest incidence and mortality in the world. We investigated whether hepatitis B (HBV), C (HCV) and D (VHD) viruses were etiological agents of HCC in Africa. METHODS: Relevant articles were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, African Index Medicus, and African Journal Online databases, as well as manual searches in relevant reviews and included articles. Analytical studies from Africa evaluating the association between HCC development and HBV, HCV, and HDV were included. Relevant studies were selected, data extracted, and the risk of bias assessed independently by at least 2 investigators. The association was estimated using odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence interval (95% CI) determined by a random-effects model. Sources of heterogeneity were determined by subgroup analyses. RESULTS: A total of 36 case-control studies were included. With controls having non-hepatic disease, the overall results suggested a significantly increased risk of HCC in patients with HBV (HBeAg (OR = 19.9; 95% CI = [3.7-105.2]), HBsAg (OR = 9.9; 95%) CI = [6.2-15.6]) and DNA (OR = 8.9; 95% CI = [5.9-13.4]); HCV (Anti-HCV (OR = 9.4; 95% CI = [6.3-14.0]) and RNA (OR = 16.5; 95% CI = [7.8-34.6]); HDV (Anti-VHD, (OR = 25.8; 95% CI = [5.9-112.2]); and HBV/HCV coinfections (HBV DNA/HCV RNA (OR = 22.5; 95% CI = [1.3-387.8]). With apparently healthy controls, the overall results suggested a significantly increased risk of HCC in patients with HBV (HBsAg, (OR = 8.9; 95% CI = [6.0-13.0]); HCV (Anti-HCV, (OR = 7.7; 95% CI = [5.6-10.6]); and HBV/HCV coinfections (HBsAg/Anti-HCV (OR = 7.8; 95% CI = [4.4-13.6]) Substantial heterogeneity and the absence of publication bias were recorded for these results. CONCLUSIONS: In Africa, HBV/HCV coinfections and HBV, HCV, and HDV infections are associated with an increased risk of developing HCC. The implementation of large-scale longitudinal and prospective studies including healthy participants to search for early biomarkers of the risk of progression to HCC is urgently needed.

• #hepatitis b virus studies
• #hepatocellular carcinoma treatment and prognosis
• #hepatitis c virus research
• #hepatocellular carcinoma

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) of Healthcare Workers on Viral Hepatitis B and its Vaccination in 12 Health Establishments in the Centre Region of Cameroon

Justin Olivier Essindi, Jacky Njiki Bikoï, Donatien Serge Mbaga, Etienne Atenguena Okobalemba, Chris André Mbongue Mikangue, Alexandra Emmanuelle Membangbi et 7 autre(s)

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)

Introduction: Viral hepatitis B (HBV) is a major public health issue around the globe. At 2020, the WHO estimated that 296 million people were carriers of chronic viral hepatitis B. During the same year, the number of deaths from cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma was 80%. In 2019, a total of 1.5 million new infections were reported. HBV is most commonly transmitted through contact with blood or other body fluids during sexual intercourse with an infected partner, sharing needles, syringes, or preparation materials during injection drug use, and puncturing with a hollow needle or contact with sharp objects. Cameroon is one of the worst hit countries with an HBV prevalence of 11.5%. Healthcare workers (HCWs) who are constantly exposed to a variety of body fluids are at increased risk of contracting and transmitting the virus. It is thus important to evaluate their knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding HBV. Methodology: This cross-sectional study took place from February to July 2022. In total, 388 HCWs were recruited for the study. knowledge of HBV, particularly the routes of transmission, attitudes toward HBV, and vaccination practices were evaluated using a well-structured questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS V.25.0. Results: In total, 388 HCWs participated in the study. The recommended pathways for HBV transmission were sexual intercourse, soiled objects, blood transfusion and contact with contaminated blood (100%). Among the participants, 236 (60.8%) gave the correct answers on the signs of viral hepatitis B. Knowledge was significantly associated with the number of years spent in the vaccination service (p&lt;0.0001). Overall, these HCWs possessed a satisfactory level of knowledge of HBV transmission pathways (388, 100%). Of the 388 HCWs, only 65 (16.8%) had a positive attitude towards those infected with HBV. Up to 87 (22.4%) gave incorrect answers regarding the need to test the effectiveness of the vaccine. There was a significant association between the service, the category, the number of years of work, and the attitudes of the staff, as well as with the 3 questions concerning the practice of vaccination, namely the storage temperature of the vaccines, the volume of the dose of vaccine administered and the site of vaccine administration (p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: The level of knowledge regarding the HBV pathway observed in this study is satisfactory. Nevertheless, efforts still need to be redoubled on the attitude of the staff towards infected patients, on taking the full doses of vaccine, and finally on the practice of vaccination, particularly on the storage temperature, the volume, and the administration site. This lack of adequate knowledge may explain the oftenobserved lack of post-vaccination response as knowledge is usually the first step toward modifying desirable behavior.

• #hepatitis b virus studies
• #vaccine coverage and hesitancy
• #hepatitis c virus research
• #vaccination

Seroprevalence of Epstein-Barr virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) among patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma at the Yaounde General Hospital Cameroon

Jacky Njiki Bikoï, Esther Del Florence Moni Ndedi, Etienne Atenguena Okobalemba, Donatien Serge Mbaga, Chris André Mbongue Mikangue, Alexandra Emmanuelle Membangbi et 4 autre(s)

Pan African Medical Journal

The non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) are a diverse group of malignancies that originate in lymphoid cells, heterogeneous in clinical behavior, morphology, cellular origin, etiology, and pathogenesis. A viral infectious etiology had been associated with them. This study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) among patients with NHL at the Yaoundé General Hospital (YGH). Participants for this cross-sectional study were recruited at the medical oncology unit from October 2018 to December 2019. For each patient fulfilling the inclusion criteria, five milliliters of blood were drawn at the crook of their elbows in EDTA tubes. Then, EBV, HIV, HBV, and HVC screening were done using the Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs); Bio-Rad EBV, Alere Determine HIV-1/HIV-2, HBV the best diagnostic and HVC Wondfo biotech respectively. Participants were made up of sixty-three males (69.23%) and twenty-eight females (30.77%). Their ages ranged from nineteen to seventy-eight years, with a mean ± SD of 56.5 ± 15.5. There were eight HIV patients (8.8%) followed by five EBV or HBV patients (5.5%). Three patients were coinfected with HIV+EBV (3.3%) while only two patients (2.2%) had HCV. Only HIV and EBV were seen coinfected. The presence of HBV and HCV in patients with NHL reveals the need to understand how these viruses induce lymphoproliferative diseases, more precisely, the non-Hodgkin´s lymphoma.

• #viral-associated cancers and disorders
• #lymphoma diagnosis and treatment
• #chronic lymphocytic leukemia research
• #medicine

Seroprevalence of HBsAg in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma at the Earliest Endpoint of treatment: A Cross-Sectional Study Seroprevalence of HBsAg in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Donatien Serge Mbaga, Jacky Njiki Bikoï, Etienne Atenguena Okobalemba, Justin Olivier Essindi, Chris André Mbongue Mikangue, Sabine Aimée Touangnou-Chamda et 7 autre(s)

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)

Background: The ideal goal of therapy of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection should be host sterilization which corresponding to clearance of HBsAg from serum and of covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) from hepatocytes. Good combination of actual therapies may allow achievement of HBV sterilization in host. The aim of this study was to highlight seroprevalence of HBsAg in patients with chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at the earliest endpoint of treatment. Methods: During a cross-sectional study, consenting participants with chronic liver disease and HCC recruited between December 2020 and March 2022 at the Yaoundé General Hospital (YGH) and the University Teaching Hospital of Yaoundé (UTHY) provided five milliliters of blood sample. A qualitative search for HBsAg was performed by Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs) and Monolisa™ HBs Ag ULTRA. Data analysis were performed using SPSS Version 25.0 software. Results: Out of the 135 patients tested for HBsAg, 69 samples were positive simultaneously with RDTs and Monolisa™ HBs Ag ULTRA, 37 (100.0%), 19 (100.0%), 13 (100.0%) respectively in participants with chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and HCC (P&lt;0.000 1). Conclusion: Our results showed a high prevalence of HBsAg in patients with chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma at the 24th week of their treatment.

• #hepatitis b virus studies
• #liver disease diagnosis and treatment
• #hepatitis c virus research
• #seroprevalence

Seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus antigen in patients with chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma at 12 th week of treatment: a cross-sectional study

Donatien Serge Mbaga, Jacky Njiki Bikoï, Etienne Atenguena Okobalemba, Justin Olivier Essindi, Chris André Mbongue Mikangue, Alexandra Emmanuelle Membangbi et 7 autre(s)

Pan African Medical Journal

Introduction: week of treatment. Methods: during a cross-sectional study, participants with chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were recruited between December 2020 and March 2022 at the Yaoundé General Hospital (HGY) and the University Teaching Hospital of Yaounde (UTHY). Five millilitres of blood samples were taken from each consenting participant and then a qualitative search for HCV Ag by Enzyme-Linked Immuno Assay (ELISA) was performed. Analysis of the results was performed using SPSS Version 25.0 software. Results: out of the 192 participants selected for the study, only 92 (47,9%) participants were at 12 weeks of treatment, including 69 (75%) participants positive for the hepatitis C virus antibody (HCV Ab) by RDT. Of these participants, 44 (47.8%) participants were positive for HCV Ag by ELISA, respectively 19/37 (51.3%), 14/19 (73.6%), 11/13 (84.6%) with chronic hepatitis (HC), Cirrhosis, and HCC (P<0.0001). Conclusion: week of treatment which predicts treatment failure and calls for public policy to develop new management strategies to prevent HCV treatment failure in our context.

• #hepatitis c virus research
• #hepatitis b virus studies
• #diverse scientific research studies
• #medicine