Publications scientifiques
N. A. Dongmo
D. Y. O. Nganso
T. E. Nkwengoua
O. S. Voundi
F. X. Etoa
S. Nyasse
American journal of phytomedicine and clinical therapeutics
In vitro antibacterial activities of extracts and fractions from two Cameroonian pharmacopeia plants, Carapa procera (Meliaceae) and Moringa oleifera (Morigaceae) were evaluate on five gastroenteritis-causing bacteria. The crude extracts of leaves and barks of Carapa procera (Meliaceae) as well as the seeds and leaves of Moringa oleifera (Morigaceae) were obtained in methylene chloride/methanol (1/1) by maceration. Phytochemical screening was done on the crude extracts by colorimetric tests. The crude extracts and their fractions were tested against five (5) bacterial species ( Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi, E. coli, Campylobacter jejuni and Bacillus cereus ) using the diffusion method on wells. The inhibition parameters were determined by the macro-dilution method in liquid medium and by the dilution method incorporated in agar for the determination of the Minimal Inhibition Concentration (MIC). The Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) was determined after subculture. The phytochemical screening revealed that, all plant extracts contain not only phenolic compounds (phenols, tannins and flavonoids), but also alkaloids, triterpene, sterols and lipids. The crude extracts and methanolic fractions of the leaves and barks of C. procera and the extract of seeds of M. oleifera were active against four (4) bacterial species: S. typhi, S. paratyphi, E coli and B. cereus . Concisely, the diameter of inhibition of these active fractions ranges between 10 and 26 mm for extracts concentration of 80 mg/ml. The active extracts and fractions gave MIC range from 2.5 to 10 mg/ml. The results obtained indicate that the seeds of Moringa oleifera (Morigaceae) and the barks of Carapa procera (Meliaceae) extracts as well as its methanolic fraction showed a bactericidal activity on four (4) sensitive species. Thus, the antibacterial properties of the extracts and fraction of those plants confirm their use in traditional medicine.
